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Contribution of Friedrich Nietzsche

The German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche is known as one of the main representatives of atheistic philosophy. He is considered as an important forerunner of Existentialism movement and postmodernist thinker. He is famous for the phrase "God is dead". However, he is often characterized as the most religious atheist. In this contradictory tensions, lies the enigmatic thinker, Nietzsche, who raised a number of fundamental questions that challenge the root of the philosophical tradition of the West. He is the precursor of Jacques Derrida . He challenged the foundations of Christianity and traditional morality, famously asserting that " God is dead ", leading to charges of Atheism, Moral Skepticism, Relativism and Nihilism . His original notions of the " will to power " as mankind's main motivating principle , of the "Ubermensch" as the goal of humanity, and of " eternal return " as a means of evaluating one's life, have all gene

How Roland Barthes desacralized the image of the author

          Roland Barthes (1915-80), who was undoubtedly the most entertaining, witty and daring of the French theorists of the 1960s and 1970s is one of the handful of writers who can be said to have established the foundation for modern literary and cultural theory. His writings began to make the first moves in rebellion against the structuralist reading of texts. He is famous for many things: for announcing the 'death of the author'; for articulating the theory and practice of intertextuality; for promoting the study of cultural sign systems.           Among these the short essay "The Death of the Author" (1968) is the most discussed and accessible text in which Barthes rejects the traditional view that the author is the origin of the text, the source of its meaning, and the only authority for interpretation. His formula is utterly radical in its dismissal of those traditional humanistic notions of interpretation. His author is stripped of all metaphysical status