New Criticism

In the 1920s and 1930s the far-reaching questions in literary studies raised by T.S.Eliot, I. A. Richards, William Empson and F.R. Leavis set the direction taken by criticism until the 1960s. The work of Eliot, Wimsatt and Empson resulted in a movement known as the New Criticism. This group of Criticism came to problems at the beginning of the early 20th century, most of them are American critics. The term New Criticism was made current by the publication of John Crowe Ransom's book The New Criticism in 1941. The focus of the movement was on the working out of a general theory of criticism. The American critics were deeply interested in the form or structure of literarier and especially poetry. They believe that the best way to analyse literarier is to consider them as existenly in a vacuum. They did not get importance to intentions of response of the reader or the historical and political context of a work of literature. They concentrated on the text which they considered to be a self- referential context. The new critics help to popular artist the method of close reading, the style of analyse that gives close attention to the form and structure of text. It is consider it related to what the text says and how it says it. The emphasis of New criticism on a literary work in isolation from its social, historical and emotional context link it with Formalism.

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